Anisotropy of Additive Microstructures
Anisotropy of additively manufactured microstructures arises from directional heat flow during layer buildup in additive manufacturing. This leads to different properties in different directions.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism
Anisotropy in additively manufactured microstructures occurs because heat is not distributed evenly during layer buildup. The directional heat flow causes certain areas to cool faster than others, leading to different crystal structures and properties in different directions.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
Anisotropy can lead to uneven mechanical properties such as stress and toughness. This increases the risk of cracking, especially in directions not aligned with the heat flow. Weld defects or uneven stress distributions can be exacerbated.
Shop Practice & Guidelines
To minimize anisotropy, the layer thickness should be controlled and uniform. Post-processing heat treatment should be carried out carefully to ensure homogeneous cooling. When selecting materials, ensure they are compatible with the chosen welding method and offer uniform formability.