Anisotropy in Additive Microstructure
Anisotropy in additively manufactured structures means that mechanical properties like hardness and ductility differ in different directions. This results from the layer-by-layer building process and the directional alignment of crystals.
Physicochemical Mechanism of Action
In additive manufacturing, layers of material are built up, creating a directional structure. The grains in these layers are often not randomly oriented but have a certain alignment. This causes mechanical properties like hardness and ductility to vary in different directions.
Metallurgical Relevance and Risks During Welding
Anisotropy can lead to non-uniform mechanical properties within the part. This increases the risk of cracks and failure, especially under loads acting in the direction of weaker properties. Additionally, welds with poor anisotropy may have lower mechanical strength.
Workshop Practice and Action Instructions
To minimize anisotropy, it's important to orient parts in the build direction that matches the highest mechanical performance. This can be achieved through specific alignment options during the manufacturing process and assembly. When welding, ensure that the weld seams are placed in the direction of the strongest properties to guarantee optimal mechanical strength.