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Tempering
The controlled reheating of hardened steel below the lower critical temperature to relieve internal stresses and restore toughness.
You do tempering after hardening or welding to relieve stresses in the structure and make the material tougher. If you skip it or do it wrong, the steel becomes hard and brittle, and it can crack on you quickly. You have to bring the part evenly to the right temperature and hold it there for a while, then let it cool slowly. The exact temperature depends on the material, you have to check the data sheet.
MetallurgieSchweißtechnik