Bauschinger Effect
After plastic pre-deformation in one tensile direction, the yield point drops under subsequent compressive loading. This leads to increased stress and possible cracks.
Physicochemical mechanism of action
After plastic pre-deformation in one tensile direction, the yield point drops under subsequent compressive loading. This phenomenon is due to microscopic changes in the metal structure: grain coarsening and impaired crystal structure.
Metallurgical relevance & risks in welding
The Bauschinger effect increases the material's susceptibility to stress, leading to a higher risk of cracks and grain separation. Under cyclic loading, this can cause critical component failure.
Workshop practice & instructions
To minimize the Bauschinger effect, careful pre-deformation and controlled stress are important. For welds, optimize the cooling time (t8/5 between 10 and 20 seconds) to ensure even cooling and stabilize the structure.