Cerium deoxidation
Cerium deoxidation binds sulfur and oxygen in high-alloy steels, prevents porosity, and increases strength.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Cerium deoxidation uses the rare earth metal cerium to bind residual sulfur and oxygen. The resulting oxides and oxysulfides have a high melting point and remain finely distributed, preventing porosity.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks during Welding
If the cerium concentration is too high, the microstructure can coarsen and the toughness of the steel can decrease. Lack of cerium deoxidation leads to porosity, which impairs strength and mechanical properties.
Workshop Practice & Instructions for Use
Use a cerium deoxidizer concentration of 0.5 to 1% in high-alloy steels. Apply it before welding and wait at least 30 minutes before welding off-gas. Make sure the cerium concentration is not too high to avoid microstructural coarsening.