Chromium solid solution hardening
Chromium solid solution hardening increases the strength of steels by incorporating chromium, which creates elastic stress fields and improves corrosion resistance.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Chromium solid solution hardening is based on refining the metal lattice by incorporating chromium. The different atomic radii between the steel and chromium create elastic stress fields in the lattice that increase strength.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
This refinement can lead to increased toughness, making the material stronger. However, too high a concentration of chromium can also lead to stress formations and potential cracks, especially if the cooling steps are not correctly controlled. Furthermore, chromium affects the passivation of the steel against corrosion.
Workshop Practice & Action Instructions
To achieve chromium solid solution hardening, it is important to perform controlled cooling care after welding. Cooling steps should be slow to minimize stress formations in the lattice. A typical cooling time of 15-30 minutes per cm³ of material is often recommended. Additionally, the welding process should be carried out so that chromium does not penetrate excessively into the weld.