Vacuum Diffusion Bonding
A solid-state joining process where metallic components are bonded under temperature and mechanical pressure in a vacuum. Atomic diffusion creates a seamless joint without liquid phases.
Vacuum diffusion welding means: Two clean, metallically bare surfaces are pressed together under pressure and high temperature in a vacuum. Atoms migrate across the interface and form a material-bonded connection – without filler material and without the material melting. The vacuum is the key point: it prevents oxygen or impurities from oxidizing the surfaces again and blocking diffusion. The parts must be degreased and absolutely clean beforehand, otherwise you won't get a load-bearing joint. The temperature must be high enough for diffusion to start, but not so high that the structure grows and the material becomes soft. The right combination of temperature, pressure, and holding time depends on the material – you have to follow the guidelines for the respective metal.