Compression test on metals
A compression test on metals checks the plastic deformation behavior and flow curves under uniaxial compressive stress. It is used for brittle materials or castings.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
A compression test refers to a mechanical test where metal specimens are deformed under constant pressure in a specific direction. This shows the material's behavior under plastic deformation and allows the determination of flow curves, which quantify the relationship between applied pressure and deformation.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
The compression test is especially important for brittle materials or cast iron, as these can easily deform under high pressure. An inaccurate determination of flow curves can lead to errors in material selection and optimization of the welding process. This can result in cracks, deformations, or insufficient strength in the welded product.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To perform a compression test, a metal specimen is clamped in a special testing device and deformed under constant pressure. The deformation is monitored and recorded to create the flow curve. It is important to apply pressure and deformation in precise steps to obtain accurate results. This data is then used to select the appropriate welding process and optimize process parameters.