Reduction of area in tensile testing
Reduction of area is the local reduction of the specimen cross-section during tensile testing until fracture. It measures the ductility and necking of the material.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism
During a tensile test, the material is continuously pulled until it finally breaks. During this process, the cross-section can locally reduce, leading to deformation.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
High reduction of area indicates good ductility and fracture toughness of the material. If reduction of area is too low, the material may be more prone to cracking and fracture, which can lead to failed joints in welding.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
When performing a tensile test, properly prepare the specimens and continuously monitor the pulling process. A reduction of area of at least 25% is considered acceptable. For lower values, consider further material testing or adjustment of welding parameters.