Electropolishing
Electrolytic polishing removes microscopic peaks from a metal surface through anodic dissolution in a special bath, resulting in an extremely smooth and corrosion-resistant surface.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Electrolytic polishing works by applying an electric field in a special solvent (electrolyte). The metal surface serves as the cathode, while the electrolyte acts as the anode. Under the influence of the electric voltage, ions from the electrolyte are removed from the metal surface, resulting in a smooth surface.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
A smooth surface improves toughness and weldability, as there are fewer pores and cracks. This reduces the risk of corrosion and increases the service life of components. However, missing or excessive polishing can lead to uneven surface condition, which in turn causes welding problems such as porosity or unevenness in the weld.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To perform effective electrolytic polishing, the metal should be placed in a special polishing bath. The voltage and time must be precisely set to achieve a uniform surface. Too high voltage or too long polishing time can lead to unwanted effects such as surface fusion.