Horizontal welding position
Horizontal welding position: A welding technique on a vertical wall where the weld runs horizontally. The arc is directed diagonally to compensate for sagging of the weld pool.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism
The horizontal welding position requires special arc guidance because the weld is horizontal and not directly on the vertical wall. This causes the weld pool to sag under the influence of gravity. By guiding the arc diagonally, this sagging is compensated, ensuring a uniform weld.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Incorrect arc guidance can lead to uneven weld pool and cause porosity or irregularities in the weld. This increases the risk of cracks and reduces weld strength. Lack of understanding of gravitational forces can lead to incomplete fusion or excessive sagging.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To perform a successful horizontal welding position, the arc must be guided diagonally to the weld. The exact guidance depends on the welding process and the properties of the material. Some general guidelines are:
• Use a high arc voltage to increase weld pool stability.
• Compensate for sagging by careful arc guidance.
• Constantly monitor the weld for uniform shape and absence of porosity.