High-Low Alignment Mismatch
Edge misalignment in butt welds is a geometric defect caused by inaccurate alignment of the plate edges. It leads to unwanted bending stresses and notching effects.
Physical-chemical mechanism of action
Edge misalignment means that the plate edges to be joined are not precisely aligned. This leads to stresses in the weld, as the material parts are deformed and pulled differently.
Metallurgical relevance & risks in welding
Edge misalignment can cause the following issues: Increased notching effect, which coarsens the microstructure and reduces the toughness of the steel. Additionally, unwanted bending stresses can occur, leading to cracks or wear of the weld. In extreme cases, this can cause total failure of the joint.
Workshop practice & instructions
To avoid edge misalignment, the plate edges should be precisely aligned and parallel to each other. This can be achieved through careful precision when cutting or forming the steel plates. During welding, it is important to ensure uniform heating to minimize stresses. Precise control of temperature and cooling rate also helps to avoid notching effects.