Carbide formation

Carbide formation is the chemical combination of carbon with transition metals like chromium, tungsten, or iron in steel. It forms hard phases that increase strength.

Physicochemical Mechanism of Action

Carbon reacts chemically with transition metals in the steel microstructure, forming carbides like Cr₃C₂ or WC. These carbides are very hard and stable.

Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks

Carbide formation can increase the strength of steel, but too much carbon leads to weldability issues and hot cracking. Proper cooling is critical to ensure a homogeneous distribution of carbides.

Workshop Practice & Action Guidelines

• Make sure the weld cools adequately (t8/5 approx. 10-20 s) to ensure uniform carbide formation.

• Avoid excessive carbon content in steel, as it can lead to weldability issues and hot cracking.

MetallurgieSchweißtechnik