Carbon Equivalent
The carbon equivalent (CEV / CET) is a sum that quantifies the influence of carbon and other elements on the hardenability of steel. It helps in selecting suitable welding processes.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
The carbon equivalent (CEV / CET) is calculated by adding the carbon content and a factor for other elements such as silicon, molybdenum, nickel, etc. This sum indicates how hard the steel becomes.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
An excessively high CEV leads to a harder microstructure and increases susceptibility to hot cracking and brittleness. A low CEV can produce softer steel, which may be at risk for stress relief and corrosion.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
When welding steels with high CEV (e.g., > 0.8%), use deep-penetration welding processes like MIG or TIG and ensure slow cooling. For low CEV (e.g., < 0.4%), prefer fluid welding processes like CO2 welding and avoid heavy deformation.