Ito-Bessyo Carbon Equivalent
The Ito-Bessyo carbon equivalent is a parameter for predicting cold cracking tendency in low-alloy steels. It takes into account the influence of yield strength and helps in risk assessment.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism
The Ito-Bessyo carbon equivalent is calculated from the sum of carbon (C), molybdenum (Mo), and vanadium (V). It provides an indicator for the tendency to cold cracking under mechanical stress. A high carbon equivalent leads to increased susceptibility to cold cracks.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
In low-alloy steels, a high carbon equivalent can lead to the formation of cold cracks. This can affect the mechanical strength and crack resistance of components. It is important to consider the carbon equivalent to ensure weld quality and component life.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
Before welding, determine the carbon equivalent of the steel. For low-alloy steels with a carbon equivalent above 0.7%, careful cooling is required to avoid cold cracking. The weld should cool slowly and in a controlled manner to stabilize the microstructure and reduce cracking tendency.