Creep
Creep is the slow, irreversible deformation of heat-resistant steels under permanent mechanical load at high temperatures. It leads to long-term property changes.
Physikalisch-chemischer Wirkmechanismus
Creep occurs due to diffusion of atoms within the crystal lattice. At high temperatures and sustained mechanical load, atom positions in the lattice can shift slightly, leading to long-term deformation.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Creep can cause long-term elongation of the material, which can lead to issues such as wear or stress buildup, especially in statically loaded components. Improper handling during welding, such as excessive heat or insufficient cooling, can increase the risk of creep.
Werkstattpraxis & Handlungsanweisungen
To minimize creep, it is important to weld heat-resistant steels at as low temperatures as possible and with short cooling times. Do not exceed the maximum melting temperature, and cooling should be controlled and rapid. For statically loaded parts, periodic inspection for deformation is necessary.