Copper as Alloying Element
Copper improves the corrosion resistance of steels and can be used in alloys to increase hardness when used in certain concentrations.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Copper reacts with oxygen and forms a protective layer on the steel surface. This prevents direct contact between the steel and further oxygen, which reduces corrosion. In alloys, copper can also increase hardness by influencing the structure and stabilizing the crystal lattice.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Using copper in alloys can improve corrosion resistance, which is especially helpful in atmospheric environments. However, too high a copper content can reduce the hardness of the steel and make the structure softer. This can lead to poorer mechanical properties and reduce the service life of the parts.
Workshop Practice & Action Points
Use copper in alloys to improve the corrosion resistance of steels. Make sure the copper content isn't too high (usually below 1 %), as this can reduce the hardness of the steel. When welding alloys with copper, ensure the weld pool is well shielded and no corrosion occurs.