Laser-MAG Hybrid Welding
Laser hybrid welding with MAG combines laser and arc. The laser provides depth, the arc bridges gaps.
Physico-Chemical Mechanism of Action
A focused laser beam melts metal while a metal-active-gas arc (MAG) welds the surface. The laser generates high temperatures, forming a deep keyhole. The arc fuses the material at the surface and connects to the deep keyhole.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
This method enables high deposition accuracy and access to hard-to-reach areas. However, uneven energy distribution can cause stresses that may lead to cracking. Lack of shielding gas flow control can also cause incomplete gap bridging and poorer mechanical properties of the weld metal.
Shop Practice & Operating Instructions
• Laser Energy: 1000 W to 2000 W, depending on material thickness and weld depth.
• Gas Flow: 5 L/min argon or helium to optimize the arc.
• Travel Speed: 1 mm/s to 3 mm/s to ensure a consistent weld.
• Cooling Time: At least 2 seconds after welding to stabilize the microstructure and reduce stresses.