Laser hardening
Laser hardening heats tightly confined surface areas with a laser and cools them by self-quenching, leading to a strong surface hardening.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
A laser beam heats the surface of a material to very high temperatures. The heat is transferred directly by the laser, resulting in rapid heating and simultaneous cooling. This process causes a rapid phase transformation in the surface of the material.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
Laser beam hardening increases the hardness and strength of the surface, improving resistance to mechanical stress. However, excessive hardness can also lead to the formation of cracks or fractures if the material is not properly treated. It is important that the laser beam is precisely directed at the desired area and has the correct energy to achieve homogeneous hardening.
Workshop Practice & Handling Instructions
Laser beam hardening requires a special laser system. Settings such as laser power, focus, and travel speed must be precisely pre-set. The duration of hardening depends on the material type and the desired hardness level. It is important that the material is dry and free of dirt before hardening to achieve optimal hardening.