Arc Self-Magnetic Field Deflection
The arc generates a magnetic field that, under asymmetric geometry, deflects the arc column and leads to uneven penetration.
Physiochemical Mechanism of Action
The electric current flow through the arc generates a concentric magnetic field. With asymmetrical geometry of the welding pipe or unequal voltage on both sides, this leads to lateral deflection of the arc column due to magnetic blow.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
This deflection can lead to uneven penetration and lack of fusion at the weld edges. The unequal melting can create stress zones and thus lead to cracks or failure of the weld.
Workshop Practice & Action Guidelines
To minimize arc self-magnetic field deflection, ensure symmetrical geometry of the welding pipe and consistent voltage on both sides. For uneven penetration, check the power supply and the geometric alignment of the arc.