Filler Metal Erosion Phenomenon
Solder erosion: the unwanted removal of base material by the molten solder when the dwell time above the liquidus temperature is too long. This weakens the cross-section and can lead to cracks.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
The filler metal erosion phenomenon occurs when the molten filler stays on the workpiece surface too long. The filler then reacts with the chemical components of the workpiece and dissolves them. This leads to continuous removal of the base metal.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
Filler metal erosion can cause a reduction in the cross-section of the weld, which impairs the mechanical properties. This increases the risk of cracking and reduces the lifespan of the components. It can also lead to uneven deformation or even melting of the workpiece.
Workshop Practice & Action Guidelines
To avoid filler metal erosion, it is important to minimize the dwell time of the filler above the liquidus temperature. This can be achieved through an optimized welding process chain, including proper temperature control and effective removal of filler after welding. Recommended times for removing the filler are typically 10–20 seconds, depending on the material and the welding method used.