Microscopic Residual Stresses of the Second Kind
Microscopic residual stresses of the second kind arise from anisotropies between neighboring crystallites and affect local flow behavior.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Microscopic residual stresses of the second kind occur when the crystal structure of a material is anisotropic. This means that material properties differ in different directions. During welding or under mechanical loads, these anisotropies can lead to stresses that extend across grain or phase regions.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
These residual stresses can affect local flow behavior and lead to cracks or deformations. They increase susceptibility to hot cracking and can impair the material's strength. The risk of these stresses rises with uneven cooling or when welding dissimilar materials.
Workshop Practice & Action Instructions
To minimize microscopic residual stresses of the second kind, it is important to ensure uniform cooling. Use the correct procedures and parameters carefully when welding dissimilar materials. For high stress states, additional measures like applying stress relief may be necessary.