Nickel Toughness Enhancement
Nickel increases the toughness of steels at low temperatures by lowering the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature and promoting a homogeneous lattice structure.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Nickel improves the toughness of steels by reducing the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. It forms stable solid solutions with metal atoms and prevents the formation of fine grains that could become brittle at low temperatures.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Too high a nickel content can lead to increased hardness and reduced formability. This can cause difficulties in welding and lead to cracks or brittleness if the weld is not cooled properly.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
Use nickel to increase toughness in steels that work in cold-forming environments. Make sure the nickel content is not too high (max 10 %). When welding, the weld should be cooled slowly to obtain a homogeneous lattice structure and avoid cracks.