Surface imperfection
Surface flaws are irregular spots on the weld that are visually detectable and can be found by non-destructive testing.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Surface defects arise from mechanical disturbances during the welding process, e.g., from dust particles or uneven tension. They can also occur from thermal expansion and contraction of the metals during cooling.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Surface defects can lead to wear problems, corrosion, and cracking. They impair the mechanical properties of the weld and reduce its service life. In critical applications such as machine parts or structures, this can lead to dangerous failures.
Workshop Practice & Action Instructions
To avoid surface defects, perform welding in a clean environment. Clean and de-dust the metals thoroughly before welding. When selecting the welding process, make sure it is suitable for the specific material and does not cause additional mechanical stresses. After welding, inspect the seams with optical inspection methods such as microscopy or radiography.