Orbital pulsed TIG welding
An automated tube welding process where the arc orbits the pipe while the current is modulated to optimize weld pool control and penetration.
Pulsed welding means the current is rhythmically increased and decreased while you guide around the pipe. This keeps the weld pool calmer and distributes heat more evenly, instead of overheating the pipe in one spot. This reduces the risk of hot cracking and you get a cleaner weld. If you set the pulse wrong, the melt either becomes too wide or cools too quickly, then you build up stress and get cracks. Set the pulse so the weld runs evenly and the pool doesn't run out. Make sure the temperature at the pipe stays constant and don't go too fast or too slow. You have to choose the speed so the weld penetrates cleanly without overheating the material.