Plasma cutting jet
A plasma cutting jet is a constricted, thermally ionized gas stream with high kinetic energy. It melts metal locally and is used for continuous cutting operations.
Physicochemical mechanism of action
A plasma cutting arc consists of a gas that is ionized by a high electrical voltage. This ionized gas is then forced through a narrow nozzle channel, forming a high-energy beam. The high temperature and kinetic energy of the beam melt the metal locally while it is continuously expelled.
Metallurgical relevance & risks during welding
Using a plasma cutting jet offers high precision and fast processing. However, the high temperature can cause local deformation or thermal shock, which can be problematic especially with delicate workpieces. Additionally, there is a risk of damage to the tool or machine due to insufficient cooling or incorrect settings.
Workshop practice & instructions
For effective use of a plasma cutting jet, correct setup and calibration of the machine are crucial. The gas types (e.g., argon, helium) and their mixing ratios, as well as voltage and current, must be precisely adjusted. Adequate cooling of the tool is essential to avoid deformation. For fine work, speed should be reduced to ensure higher precision.