Surface Layer Hardening
Surface strengthening increases the hardness in the top layer of a material through mechanical energy, like peening or hammering. This improves the wear resistance of parts under dynamic loading.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Surface layer work hardening is caused by mechanical energy input, creating microscopic deformations in the top layer of the material. These deformations increase hardness and improve strength.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
Surface layer work hardening is especially important for components under high mechanical loads. However, excessive work hardening can lead to increased stress buildup and cause grain coarsening or even component failure.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To achieve surface layer work hardening, treat the material—whether a weld or a component—by hammering or shot peening to introduce mechanical energy. The exact energy input and number of passes must be tightly controlled. Regular temperature control during the process is crucial to achieve optimal hardness without risking cracking.