Surface Layer Hardening

Physicochemical Mechanism of Action

Skin hardening happens when the top layers of the material are plastically deformed under high pressure or energy input. This creates a denser crystal structure and raises hardness.

Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks

Skin hardening can boost wear resistance, which helps under mechanical stress. But it can also increase stress hardening, which may cause cracks or fractures if not handled right.

Workshop Practice & Procedures

To get skin hardening, use shot peening or hammering on the weld. Set the energy and pressure levels correctly so you get the hardness gain without risking cracks.