Welding Current Characteristic
The welding current characteristic curve shows the relationship between voltage and current of the welding source. It determines penetration depth and droplet transfer.
Physical-Chemical Working Principle
The welding current characteristic is a curve that shows the relationship between voltage (in volts) and current (in amperes) of a welding source. This curve indicates how high the current must be at a given voltage to enable effective welding.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Choosing the right welding current characteristic influences penetration depth and droplet transfer. Too high a voltage can lead to excessive penetration, resulting in weak joints and possible cracks. Too low a voltage, on the other hand, can result in low penetration and severe porosity.
Shop Practice & Action Guidelines
Select the welding current characteristic according to the material and welding process. For high-carbon steel (e.g., HSS), a higher voltage with lower current is often better to achieve a sharp edge and low porosity. For softer steel or deep penetration, a lower voltage with higher current is suitable to increase penetration and flatten the bead.