Explosive Cladding
Explosive welding of clad plates is a high-energy pressure welding process in which an explosive charge is detonated to impact one partner onto another with extreme kinetic energy. This impact removes surface material and creates a wavy metallurgical interface.
Physicochemical mechanism of action
In explosive welding of clad plates, an explosive, such as TNT, is detonated in a closed container. The explosion creates an oblique impact angle that removes surface material from the joining partners and forms a microstructured interface.
Metallurgical relevance & risks during welding
This process is especially useful for joining dissimilar materials or under high mechanical loads. It reduces stresses and improves the toughness of the joint zone. However, a faulty impact angle can lead to uneven deformation, which may cause cracks or damage in the clad plate.
Workshop practice & instructions
To successfully perform explosive welding, the following parameters must be followed:
• Explosive amount: 10-20 g per cm² of joint area
• Impact angle: 45-60 degrees
• Distance from the joint zone: at least 3 cm
• Protective measures: Use of protective clothing and safety gear, as the explosion is strong.
The temperature in the joint zone should be preheated before explosive welding to ensure optimal deformation. After the explosion, the clad plate is cooled to set the microstructured interface.