Steel matrix
The steel matrix is the fundamental metallic structure of steels, consisting of a strongly bonded crystal system. It influences mechanical properties like hardness and ductility.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
The steel matrix consists of a crystalline network of iron atoms, shaped by various compounds with carbon and other elements. These crystals form the basic structure of steel and determine its mechanical properties.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
The type of steel matrix affects the deformation behavior and hardness of the weld. A matrix that is too hard can lead to cracks, while one that is too soft can cause stretching and deformation. If handled incorrectly during welding, the crystal structure can change, affecting the material unevenly.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To ensure a homogeneous steel matrix, it is important to precisely control the melting process and cooling steps. This includes maintaining the correct temperature and time in seconds for the structure. For high-hardness steels (e.g., martensitic), a rapid cooling method should be used to avoid cracks. For soft steels (e.g., austenitic), a slow cooling method is required to optimize ductility and hardness.