Time-Of-Flight Diffraction
Ultrasonic time-of-flight method measures the time an ultrasonic pulse takes to travel between two reflectors and return. It is used to determine material thickness or to inspect weld quality.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
An ultrasonic pulse is sent into a medium and reflects off interfaces of different density. The time the pulse takes to travel between these reflectors and return is proportional to the material's thickness.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
The ultrasonic time-of-flight method is often used to check weld quality. It can detect cracks or deformations in the weld that aren't visible optically. Misinterpretation can lead to misunderstandings and unnecessary repairs.
Workshop Practice & Procedures
Use a high-resolution ultrasonic unit. Adjust the frequency so it suits the material (e.g., 5 MHz for steel). Measure the time between known reflectors and calculate the material thickness or crack depth using the formula: Depth = (Time × Sound velocity) / 2.