Plastic Residual Strain
Residual deformation is the unavoidable shape change in metals after unloading. It shows irreversible slip and dislocation movement in the crystal lattice.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Residual deformation occurs through irreversible slip processes in metals under mechanical load. These movements change the crystal lattice and lead to permanent shape change, even after unloading.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
A high residual deformation can impair mechanical properties such as strength and toughness. It increases susceptibility to cracking and wear, especially at high temperatures or under repeated loading.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To minimize residual deformation, careful stress relief is important. This can be achieved through controlled cooling and using relief methods like drawing or pressing. For heavily deformed parts, an additional stress relief step should be planned in the workshop schedule.