Heat Input Control
Heat management in welding refers to the controlled spreading and cooling of heat in the weld. Uneven heat distribution leads to stresses and can cause cracking.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
The heat management in welding describes how the energy during the welding process is transferred from the welding source (e.g., electrode or laser tip) into the workpiece and how it spreads in the material. The temperature distribution influences the crystal structure and the strength of the microstructure.
Metallurgical Relevance & Risks in Welding
Uneven heat management can lead to stresses in the workpiece, which can cause cracks or deformation. Additionally, the temperature distribution affects the hardness and mechanical properties of the weld seam. Cooling too quickly can lead to glass-hard martensite, while cooling too slowly results in soft microstructures and coarse grain.
Workshop Practice & Operating Instructions
To ensure good heat management, it is important to set up the welding speed and material correctly. For steels with high carbon content (e.g., HSS), the cooling protection layer should be thinner to ensure even heat distribution. The weld seam should always be processed under the protective shield to minimize uneven heat input. For heavy steels or high-stress conditions, continuous cooling is required.