Flat weld position
Flat weld is a welding position with horizontal welding direction and upward inclined weld pool. Gravity allows the use of higher heat input and higher wire feed speeds.
Physicochemical mechanism of action
The gravity welding technique uses gravity to advance the wire in the welding direction. This allows for a higher heat input and larger wire feed rates, which increases the filling capability.
Metallurgical relevance & risks during welding
Too high a heat input can lead to overheating of the materials, resulting in distortion and reduced mechanical properties. Too little energy or too low a wire feed can lead to insufficient filling and porosity.
Workshop practice & instructions
Use an upward slope of the weld pool of 5-10°. The heat input should be between 200-300 J/mm, depending on the material and the desired filling capability. The wire feed should be set at 4-6 mm/s.