Flat welding position
The flat position is a welding position where welding is done horizontally from above. It offers favorable weld pool conditions and high deposition rates.
Physicochemical mechanism of action
The gravity welding position enables a homogeneous melt distribution because the heat is evenly distributed over the entire weld. This leads to a faster and more effective melting of the materials.
Metallurgical relevance & risks during welding
This position reduces the risk of porosity because the liquid can drain better. However, too fast cooling can lead to glass-hard martensite, which increases cracking and brittleness. Too slow cooling coarsens the grain and lowers the toughness of the steel.
Workshop practice & instructions
For optimal results, the melting rate should be between 100 and 200 mm/min. The cooling time should be between 5 and 10 seconds. More precise control of temperature and speed can be ensured by using thermal cameras or ultrasonic devices.