Angular Distortion
Angular distortion is a deviation of the parts around an axis parallel to the weld seam, caused by uneven thermal contraction. This can lead to cracking and hardness issues.
Physical-Chemical Mechanism of Action
Angular distortion occurs due to different cooling rates of different parts of the components. During welding, the metal heats up and expands, and as it cools, it shrinks again. If cooling is uneven – for example, if one part cools faster than another – deformation in the form of an angle occurs.
Metallurgical Relevance & Welding Risks
Angular distortion can lead to cracks and hardness problems. Uneven cooling can also cause the metal to become glass-hard and inflexible. This can shorten the service life of the component and lead to safety risks.
Workshop Practice & Instructions
To avoid angular distortion, the parts should be cooled evenly. This can be achieved by careful planning of the welding sequence and the use of cooling wall systems. For existing angular distortion, straightening or mechanical rework is often required to bring the part back to the intended shape.